Electric Power Steering (EPS) System Has Become a Key Technology for Highly Automated Driving
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| Electric Power Steering (EPS) System |
The Electric Power Steering (EPS) system works by applying torque to
steering gear of a car based on a sensor that detects steering angle and
torque. The electrical control unit (ECU) monitors the vehicle’s overall speed
and sends a voltage signal to the electric motor. As the electric motor
delivers torque in response to the steering angle, the system is most effective
when a driver is moving at low speeds. It also provides with better control of a
vehicle.
The most common type of Electric Power Steering (EPS) system uses
a three-phase electric motor that runs on DC voltage modulated with pulse
width. This motor operates without mechanical brushes and allows for high
torque application at low revolutions per minute. EPS also works with a computer to
compensate for any irregularities in the steering system. The EPS warning light
illuminates when the system is not working properly.
The first performance requirement for Electric
Power Steering (EPS) system controllers is the stability margin.
This is the upper limit of EPS stability. Different external conditions
influence the stability margin and the power moment ratio. For example, driving
on a snowy surface will require more steering assistance than driving on a
sandy surface. Other sensors are also used to determine the appropriate
steering assistance level. Along with the three basic functions of the EPS
system, it can also be programmed to respond to different conditions, such as
braking or acceleration.
The module of Electric Power Steering (EPS) system is much more complex
than a simple circuit board in a box of aluminum. The Electric Power Steering
module contains signal generators, drivers, current monitor circuit and MOSFET
switches. This monitor circuit reduces the current that is being sent to the
motor and avoids damage to the Electric Power Steering system. If it
malfunctions, it will produce a direct torque control (DTC) and illuminate an alarm light. Recently
in October 2020, Nexteer Automotive launched high-output Electric Power
Steering (EPS) to deliver advanced safety and comfort features and increased
fuel efficiency for light commercial vehicles and heavy duty trucks.
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