Know what Automated Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing is and how it is done?

 

 Automated Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing 

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing employing an antimicrobial susceptibility testing system, which offers versatile, customised testing options to fit laboratories of all sizes, is widely used to generate minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) monitors the inhibition zone of antibiotics and the emergence of resistant bacteria in sick people to ensure that appropriate antibiotics are provided. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing can be used to collect information on local patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility so that therapy policies can be based on current data on local resistance trends or the institutional antibiogram.

The creation of an Automated Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing includes electronic instruments such as a plate reader, a video capture board, and software that measure and interpret susceptibility results from the inhibitory zone around the antimicrobial disc automatically. Picture processing principles such as image smoothening, edge boosting, edge detection, and area detection are used in the measuring and interpretation procedures. Despite its independent mode, this system is meant to work in tandem with the widely used MLAB system (Thai antimicrobial susceptibility test software) by importing patient data and sensitivity criteria from MLAB and afterwards exporting the interpretation of susceptibility results to MLAB.

During the projection period, an increase in the number of multidrug resistance cases in tuberculosis (TB), malaria, HIV, influenza, and other diseases among the worldwide population is likely to lead to a greater adoption of antimicrobial susceptibility testing to limit resistance exposure. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), around 480,000 new cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), a type of tuberculosis resistant to the two most effective anti-TB medications, were diagnosed in 2014. Only about 123,000 instances were found and reported among them.

The system's automatic measurement of the inhibition zone of 1526 antimicrobial discs shows a good correlation (r = 0.97) with expert manual interpretation. The inhibitory zone assessed by these two techniques differs by only a few millimetres (The differences of inhibition zone are less than 3 millimetres in 94.1 percent of samples). The automatically generated interpretation shows a 0.5 percent false-susceptible and 0.2 percent false-resistant percentage.

Stringent rules and regulations from regulatory agencies are among the obstacles to the automated antimicrobial susceptibility testing market's growth. In the European Union, for example, antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) systems are governed by Directive 98/79/EC (IVD directive), which was replaced in 2017 by Regulation 2017/746 of the European Parliament and Council. It necessitates the use of an ISO 13485-compliant quality system for design, development, and manufacture.

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