Balloon Catheters; a Type of Catheter Used During a Variety of Catheterization Procedures

 

Balloon Catheters

Balloon Catheters are widely used in a range of minimally invasive medical procedures, both therapeutic and diagnostic. These include delivering stents, opening blockages, and/or dilating vessels. It is a type of catheter with an inflatable balloon at its tip which is often used during a catheterization procedure to enlarge a narrow opening or passage within the body. Depending on the use case, there are three major types of Balloon Catheters, such as Over the Wire Balloon Catheters, Rapid Exchange Balloon Catheters, and Fixed Wire Balloon Catheters.

An over-the-wire catheter is one in which a guidewire lumen is provided in the catheter so that a guidewire can be used to establish the path through the stenosis. Two commonly used types of over-the-wire Catheters are referred to as coaxial Catheters and dual/multiple lumen Catheters. The rapid exchange Balloon Catheter is intended to dilate stenosis in the iliac, femoral, popliteal, ilio-femoral, infra-popliteal, and renal arteries, and for the treatment of obstructive lesions of native or synthetic arteriovenous dialysis fistulae.

A fixed wire Balloon Catheter for use in angioplasty includes an elongated flexible thin walled metal tube which carries an inflatable balloon at its distal end. Angioplasty is a procedure used to open blocked coronary arteries caused by coronary artery disease. Angioplasty is a procedure used to open narrowed or blocked arteries. It uses a balloon attached to a catheter that's inserted into an artery. The tube has a deflated balloon in the tip. When the tube is placed in the narrowed valve, the balloon is inflated to stretch the area open.

Common applications for Balloon Catheters include kyphoplasty, balloon carpal tunnelplasty, atherectomy, esophageal dilation, balloon angioplasty, balloon occlusion, stent delivery, drug delivery, transcatheter aortic valve implantation, balloon sinuplasty, cryoablation, and renal denervation, among others. Thus, there is an increase in demand for Balloon Catheters. In May 2022, Medtronic received the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the IN.PACT 018 Paclitaxel-Coated Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty (PTA) Balloon Catheter.

It is a drug coated balloon (DCB) indicated for the interventional treatment of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in the superficial femoral and popliteal arteries.

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