Integrated Circuits used for Power Management are called Power Management ICs

 

Power Management ICs 

A Power Management IC (PMIC) is an integrated circuit that aids in the control of the host system's power consumption. PMICs are utilised in battery-powered portable devices such as laptops, tablets, and smartphones to create an efficient power supply. While preserving the current limit, these integrated circuits govern the flow of power from multiple power sources such as USB, batteries, and wall adapters. PMICs may be found in a wide range of products, including cellphones, Bluetooth headsets, and MP3 players, as well as portable industrial and medical equipment.

Despite the fact that Power Management ICs refers to a wide range of chips (or modules in system-on-a-chip devices), the majority of them contain multiple DC/DC converters or their control parts. To save space, a PMIC is frequently used in battery-operated devices like as cell phones and portable media players. The phrase "power management integrated circuit" refers to a type of integrated circuit that performs a variety of functions relating to power consumption.

One or more of the following functions may be performed by a PMIC:

·        Conversion from DC to DC

·        Charging the battery

·        Choose a power source

·        Scaling the voltage

·        Sequencing is really important.

·        Unspecified functions

Management of electrical energy The flow and direction of electrical power are controlled by ICs, which are solid state electronics. Many electrical devices have numerous internal voltages (e.g., 5 V, 3.3 V, 1.8 V, etc.) and external power sources (e.g., wall outlet, battery, etc.), implying that the device's power design has multiple operational needs. A PMIC can refer to any chip that performs a single power-related function, but it most commonly refers to integrated circuits (ICs) that perform many functions, such as power conversions and power controls like voltage monitoring and undervoltage protection. By combining these functionalities into a single IC, the overall design may be improved in a variety of ways, including higher conversion efficiency, reduced solution size, and better heat dissipation.

Features of Power Management ICs-

·        Battery management, voltage regulation, and charging capabilities may all be included in a PMIC. A DC to DC converter may be included to allow for dynamic voltage scaling. Some models have been reported to have a power conversion efficiency of up to 95%. In a combination known as DVFS, certain models combine with dynamic frequency scaling (dynamic voltage and frequency scaling).

·        It might be made utilising the BiCMOS technology. It's possible that they'll arrive in a QFN packaging. For I/O, certain models provide an I2C or SPI serial bus communications port.

·        A low-dropout regulator (LDO) and a real-time clock (RTC) that works with a backup battery are included in some versions.

·        Pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) and pulse-width modulation (PWM) can both be used in a PMIC (PWM). It has the ability to employ a switching amplifier (Class-D electronic amplifier).

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