Electric Power Steering System Has Become a Key Technology for Highly Automated Driving
Electric Power Steering (EPS) System |
The Electric
Power Steering (EPS) system works by applying torque to steering gear of a car
based on a sensor that detects steering angle and torque. The electrical
control unit (ECU) monitors the vehicle’s overall speed and sends a voltage
signal to the electric motor. As the electric motor delivers torque in response
to the steering angle, the system is most effective when a driver is moving at
low speeds. It also provides with better control of a vehicle.
The most
common type of Electric Power Steering (EPS) system uses a three-phase electric
motor that runs on DC voltage modulated with pulse width. This motor operates
without mechanical brushes and allows for high torque application at low revolutions
per minute. EPS also works with a
computer to compensate for any irregularities in the steering system. The EPS
warning light illuminates when the system is not working properly.
The first
performance requirement for Electric
Power Steering System controllers is the stability margin. This
is the upper limit of EPS stability. Different external conditions influence
the stability margin and the power moment ratio. For example, driving on a
snowy surface will require more steering assistance than driving on a sandy
surface. Other sensors are also used to determine the appropriate steering
assistance level. Along with the three basic functions of the EPS system, it
can also be programmed to respond to different conditions, such as braking or
acceleration.
The module
of Electric Power Steering (EPS) system is much more complex than a simple
circuit board in a box of aluminum. The electric power steering module contains
signal generators, drivers, current monitor circuit and MOSFET switches. This
monitor circuit reduces the current that is being sent to the motor and avoids
damage to the electric power steering system. If it malfunctions, it will produce
a direct
torque control (DTC) and illuminate an alarm
light. Recently in October 2020, Nexteer Automotive launched high-output Electric
Power Steering (EPS) to deliver advanced safety and comfort features and
increased fuel efficiency for light commercial vehicles and heavy duty trucks.
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